DETERMINANTS OF ANTENATAL EXERCISE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66811/eijrihs.vol1.no5.64Keywords:
Pregnancy, Physical Activity, Determinants, Antenatal ExerciseAbstract
Background: Physical activity during pregnancy is associated with numerous maternal and neonatal benefits; however, many pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa remain insufficiently active. This study investigated the determinants of antenatal exercise among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of antenatal exercise, identify sociodemographic and obstetric determinants, and evaluate healthcare provider influence on exercise behaviour among pregnant women in Calabar.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH) and General Hospital Calabar between June and November 2024. Systematic random sampling was used. A pre-tested, structured questionnaire was administered. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were applied to determine associations.
Results: The prevalence of antenatal exercise was 38.4%. Walking was the most common exercise type (72.4%). Significant determinants included educational level (p<0.001), occupation (p=0.002), gestational age (p=0.008), healthcare provider advice (p<0.001), and perceived safety (p<0.001). Women who received exercise advice from healthcare providers were 4.2 times more likely to exercise (OR=4.21; 95% CI: 2.34–7.58). Fear of harm to the baby (64.1%) and fatigue (52.3%) were the most cited barriers.
Conclusion: Antenatal exercise prevalence remains low in Calabar. Healthcare provider counselling is a strong independent determinant. Targeted health education and culturally sensitive exercise guidelines are urgently needed to improve maternal outcomes.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ezukwa Omoronyia, Edu Eyong, Odusolu Patience, Sylvester Abeshi (Author)
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